Door closer and check.



9 K1 m d PUW O HND AB I BM B W LI 0 A R0 O L P P Patented APR. 26, 1910.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

' WITNESSES 0. B. BISHOP. DOOR CLOSER AND 011mm. APPLICATION FILED NOV.5,1908.

Patented Apr. 26, 1910.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

[NVE/VTOR C. B. BISHOP.

DOOR CLOSER AND CHECK.

APPLIOATIOH FILED NOV. 5,1908.

} Patented Apr. 26, 1910.

4 sums-sum s.

INVENTOR Q I w/ l I J Atlanta G. B. BISHOP.

DOOR CLOSER AND OHEGK.

Arrmomron FILED NOV. 5,1908.

956,275. Patented Apr. 26, 1910.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

4whiw NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES 2B. BISHOP, OF STAMFORD, CONNECTICUT, AS SIGNOR TO THE YALE &TOWNE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF STAMFORD, CONNECTICUT.

noon CLOSER AND cHEeK. 1

Specification of Letters Patent. I Patented Apr, 26, 1910, Applicationfiled November 5, 1908. Serial No. 461,219.

To all whom it may concern:

will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make anduse the same.

My lnvention relates to-an improvement in door closer'and check, theobject being to provide means permanently in connection with both endsof the closing spring, whereby the device may be applied to either aright or left hand door without any change or readjustment of any ofitsparts.

A further object is to provide a door closer with checking means ada tedto be adjusted for either quick or quiet closing action at the finish ofthe closing movement of the door, the construction being such that whenonce adjusted for either quiet or quick closing action, the check can beapplied to either right or left hand doors without any change in suchadjustment.

Wlth these ends in View my invention consists in the combination oftails of construction as wil be more fully explained and pointed out inthe claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view in end elevation of myimproved combined closer and check. Fig. 2 is a view of the opposite endshowing the location of the chec valves relative to the piston. Fig. 3is a view inlongitudinal vertical section of the device. Fig. 4 is aview of the spring carrier. Fig. 5 is a view in section of same. Fig. 6is a view in longitudinal section of the ratchet sleeve. Fig. 6* is aview in plan of same. Fig. 7 is aview in plan of the device. Fig. 8 aview in edge elevation of the cap. Figs. 9, 10 and 11' are views of thelever arm. Fig. 12 is a view in horizontal section through thepiston anda portion of the cylinder. Fig. 13 is a view in vertical transversesection through the cylinder and piston, and Figs. 14 and 15 are viewsinsections through the cylinder, showing a modified form of checkingvalve.

The spring carrier 1 comprises the sleeve 1*, and flange 2 at lower endof the sleeve, on which the spring 2 is supported. This flange isprovided with an upturned edge having an integral upwardly projectingexarts and in detension, the straight edge 3 of which engages the outerhooked end ofthe spring 2", to wind the latter up from its outer end,and hold it against movement when wound up from its lnner end, while theinner hooked end of the spring engages the groove 9 in the ratchetsleeve 6. which loosely embraces the sleeve 1 of the spring carrier andis free to turn thereon, and is provided at its upper end with a ratchet8 engaged by the longitudinally sliding pin or pawl- 17 mounted in lug14 on cap 10;

The sleeve 1 of ;the spring carrier 1, is provided at its upper end witha lug 4: which rests in a plane above the cap 10, and in aposition to beengaged by the downwardly projecting lug 20 on the main lever-arm 18,and be turned thereby when the lever arm 18 is turned to the left, andis also provided on its flange 2, at the outer edge of the latter, withthe depending lug 5, engaging the lug 23 integral with the spring casingor chamber 22, which lug prevents the carrier 1 from turning when the.device is applied toa right hand door.

Sleeve 6 encircles the sleeve 1 of the carrier, and is provided aspreviously explained, with a ratchet'8, referably integral therewith,the teeth of which are engaged by the pin 17, longitudinally movable inthe projection 14 on the cap 10. This cap is loosely mounted on theupper open end of the spring casing 22, and is provided centrally with aflanged bearing 11 for the upper end 7 of the sleeve 6, the under sideof the ratchet 8 being recessed to receive the flange 11. This cap 10 isprovided at its periphery with a laterally projecting lug 12, having aface 13 at right angles to the plane of rotation of the cap, butradially to it, which face 13 is adapted to engage a lug 2% on thespring casing 22 and prevent rotation of the cap 10 in one direction.The

lug lei: projecting upwardly from the top of the cap at one edge of thelatter, carries the sliding ratchet pin 17, and is provided with aninclined or tangential face 15 adapted to engage a depending lug 21 onthe lower face of the main lever arm 18. The pin 17 in the lug 14engages a tooth 8 of the ratchet sleeve 6, and locks the cap to thesleeve, thus causing them to move in unison when engaged by the lug 21on the lever arm 18. The spindle 25 passes through the sleeve 1, througha stufiing box in the parti- W moor n L118 piston chamber 2'] and r ll.1

its lower end with a or t to wider the piston link 2.) is connected llnelever arm is secured to the upper end. the spindle 7-, with its lug ill)in a p. vition to engage lug i on the '0 "per end of sleeve 1, and l 21in n pl ion to make contact with .clined or bu eled 15 of the cap 10.ion the check is applied to a left hand door, the opening of the doorcauses the lug 29 on the lever arm 18, to move into contact with theupwardly projecting lug t on the upper end of sleeve 1 of carrier 1, andas the cap 10 is held from rotating by the engagement of the lug l2thereon with the lug 24: on the spring casing, and the ratchet 8 and itsconnected sleeve 6 held against turning by the pin 17, the movement ofthe lever arm rotates spring carrier sleeve 1 and thus winds up thespring from the outer end of the latter, It the devi e be applied to aright hand door, the movement of the lever arm will be toward the lug14s on the cap 10 and as the cap and ratchet sleeve 6 locked together bythe pin 17, it follows that the sleeve (3 will be turned, thus windingup the spring from the inner end, the carrier. 1, being held againstmovecinent b 7 die en 'a einent of lu 5 on the carrier, with theshoulder in the spring casing It will therefore be seen, that the devicemay be applied to a right or left hand door and operate without anychange whatsoever in the parts or adjustment of the parts, other thanthe movements of the lever arm and cap necessary to carry them intocontact with their abutting lugs or shoulders. It will also be seen thatwhen applied to a left hand door, the spring will be compressed from theend of its outer coil, and when applied to a right hand door will becompressed from the end of its inner coil,

T he mechanism for checking the liquid, to provide for quick or silentclosing is shown in Figs. ,3-1213-14 and 15. The piston is mounted to bereciprocated. in the chamber 27, and connected to the crank 28 by thelink 29. The piston is hollow and open at is end adjacent the crank, andis provided internally with the inte ral shelf or support 81, on. whichthe link 29 rests, and which prevents any tend ency of the link to sagdue to wear on the parts. The piston is provided in its head or closedend, with an opening and a ball valve therein, which latter operates topermit the liquid in chamber 27 to pass freely into the space betweenthe head of the piston and the adjacent end of the piston chamber orcylinder during the opening movement of the door, but which closes andprevents the possage of the liquid through the piston during the closingmovement of the door. The cyl asserts inder or chamber 27 is providedcentrally ad acent to the head 32 with the upwardly projecting lug 33having an internally threaded hole 2-54 adapted to receive the valve 35.This hole is enlarged at its upper end to receive the packing nut 36,and sour municates near its lower end with the conduit 37 which extendsrearwardly through the wall of cylinder 27 and communiu with theinterior thereof behind the piston 30.

Projecting from the head of cylinder 27 at one side thereof, as shown inFi e. 5, 1:5 and 13, a lug 00 having an internally threaded hole 39 forthe valve so This hole 39 is enlarged and threaded at its outer end forthe reception of the packing nut ll, and communicates with the conduit43. This conduit communicates withthe valve port t l in the piston andport e2 leading into the cylinder 27. When it is desired. to adjust thecheck for silent closing, the valve l0 is moved to its position to closeport is as shown in full lines in Fig. 12, and valve 35 is adjusted toopen the port 3% so as to permit the liquid to pass into the conduit 37and escape into the cylinder 2? in rear of the piston. regulating the ofthe opening between port 3%? and conduit 3'2, the movement of the pistoncan be regulated to a nic'etyu 'lhe movement, is however, afteradjustment of the valve always-uniform and the door moves to its closingposition without noise or any acceleration of speed at the final closin"When it is desired to have a quick closing action, valve should bepartly closed, and valve 40 opened. This permits the liquid in front oipiston to pass into port at, through conduit 43 to port 4:. positionwhere the port 15 therein registers with the port 42, the liquid in,front of the piston will he suddenly released. thus permitting thespring to close the door with a quick movement.

lnthe construction shown in Figs. 14: and rl-d l have provided a singlevalve for etl'ecting the silent or sudden closing movement. In this formthe cylinder 27 is provided with two ports elfiand stT communicatingwith the conduit d8 terminating in rear of the piston. The port ll is solo cated as to he closed by the piston, except when. the latter isapproaching the end of its closing movement while the port l6 is alwaysin communication with the cylinder either directly or through the grooved8. The valve stem ll) is mounted to move in the conduit 48 and isprovided with. the valves with a regular and uniform movement, the

When the piston has moved to a i valve stem and its valves are adjustedto the position shown in Fig. 14. Inthis adjustment port 46 is nearlyclosed thus restricting the passage of the liquid into the conduit,while the valve 51 is removed from the inner orifice of the conduit soas to permit of the ready and unobstructed egress of all liquid passingthrough the conduit. Vhen a quick closing action is desired, the valvestem should be'moved outwardly to the position shown in Fig. 15. hen inthis position, valve 50 is removed from port 46 thus permitting'tt'reeingress of the liquid into conduit 48, while valve 51 partly obstructsthe flow of the liquid through the inner end of conduit, thus permittingof the gradual movement of the piston and the door, until the cut awayportion of the piston uncovers )ort 47. This releases the liquid in theconuit and also that confined between the head of the piston and end ofthe cylinder, thus permitting the spring to close the door with a quickaction. These valve mechanisms can be adjusted for either quick orsilent action and when once adjustedare ready for use with the closerwhen applied to either a right or left hand door,

With this improved closer and check, after the parts have been onceassembled, the device can' be applied to any door without any Havingfully described my invention what I claim as new and desires to secureby Letters-Patent, is

1. In a door closer, the combination with a spring chamber having aninternal shoulder an an external shoulder and a cap mounted to rotateand having a shoulder to engage the external shoulder on the casing, ofa sprin carrier located within the casing and provided with a shoulderto engage the internal shoulder in the spring chamber and also providedwith means forengagement with the lever arm, a sleeve concentric. withthe axis of the spring carrier, a spring connected at its outer end tothe carrier and at its inner end to said sleeve, means connecting thesleeve and cap whereby they- -rotate in a spring chamber, a springtherein of a spring carrier having meansat its outer edge for'engagingthe outer end of the spring, and a centrally locatedsleeve, a ratchetsleeve embracing the sleeve on the carrier and connected to the innerend of the spring, means including stops on the carrier and casing forpreventing the rotation of the carrier in one direction, means includinglugs on the cap and casing for preventing the rotation "of the ratchetsleeve in one direction and a lever arm having detachable engagementwith the sleeve on the carrier and also with the ratchet sleeve wherebywhen the leverarm is turned in one direction the spring will wind upfrom its outer end through the carrier and when turned in the oppositedirection, the spring will be wound up from its inner end through theratchet sleeve. I

3. In a door closer, the combination with a spring casing having a stoptherein, of a 5 ring carrier within the casing and provlded with a stopto engage the stop on the casing for preventing movement of the carrierin one direction and a sleeve integral therewith, a spring the outer endof which is secured to the carrier, a ratchet sleeve embracing thesleeve on the carrier, and engaged by the inner end of the spring, meansmc uding lugs on the casmg and cap for preventin rotation of the ratchetsleeve in one direction and a lever arm having means for detachableengagement with both sleeves, iiubistantially as and'for the purposespeci- 100 e 4:. In a door closer the combination with a sprin chamber,of a carrier therein, means inclu ing stops on the carrier and casingfor preventing rotary movement of the carrier 105 in one direction, acap mounted to rotate on the spring casing, lugs on the cap and casingfor preventing rotationof the cap in onedi-- rection, a ratchet sleeveprojecting through the cap into the spring chamber, adjustable 110 meansof connection between the cap and the ratchet sleeve, a'spring connectedvat its outer end to the carrier and at its inner end to the ratchetsleeve, and a lever arm having means for detachable connection with thecarrier and also with the cap whereby when turned in one direction itrotates the spring carrier, and when rotated in the. opposite directionrotates the cap and its connected ratchet sleeve,

5. The combination with a spring chamber and a rotary cap thereon, of acarrier mounted to turn in the spring chamber and provided with acentrally located sleeve having an upwardly projecting lug, stops on the125 carrier and casing for preventing the carrier from turning in onedirection, a ratchet sleeve embracing the sleeve on the carrier andprovided at its upper end with ratchet teeth, a coiled spring connectedat its outer 1 chamber the latter having a movable cap, a

through said cap, a ratchet sleeve embracend to the carrier and at itsinner end to the ratchet sleeve, a movable pin carried by the 1 cap andengaging the toothed wheel on the I sleeve and a lever arm havingdetachable connection with the lug on the sleeve of the carrier and alsowith the cap.

6. In a door check and closer the combination with a piston chamber anda spring carrier having a sleeve projecting up ing the sleeve of thecarrier, a spring connected at one end to the carr'er and at its otherend to ratchet sleeve e spindle passing through the spring chamber intothe piston 1 chamber and a piston connected to the spindle, of a leverarm secured to the spindle and having a shoulder to engage a shoulder onthe sleeve of the spring carrier whereby esesvc the latter will be movedwith the lever arm in one direction, means including the movable capconnecting the lever arm and ratchet sleeve whereby the latter will bemoved with the lever arm in the opposite direction, and a liquid checkthe valves vof which may be adjusted for silent or quick closing actionof the piston and which when set for either action may be used on eithera right or left hand door without change of adjustment.

In testimony whereof, I have signed this specification in the presenceof two subscribing Witnesses.

CHARLES E. Eisner.

Witnesses:

W. H. TAYLOR, WARREN S. ABEL. I

